Student Details
Instructions
The reading passage has three paragraphs: A-C
Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.
Climate Archive and Research Centres
A The National Climate Archive, located at 12 Polar Research Way, Oslo, was founded in 1995. In a 2023 report, it confirmed that average Arctic temperatures increased by 2.3°C since 1980. The archive analyses over 1.8 million climate records annually and received €7.2 million in funding for its 2020–2024 research programme.
B Established in 2008, the Urban Food Policy Centre at 41 Market Street, Melbourne, studies food accessibility. A 2021 survey showed that 18% of households lacked regular access to fresh produce. In response, the city invested AUD 96 million between 2022 and 2026 to expand local food distribution networks.
C The Digital Security Institute, based at Cyber Park 6, Singapore, began operations in 2012. A 2024 publication reported that cyberattacks on financial institutions rose by 27% between 2019 and 2023. The institute supports over 140 organisations and maintains a real-time threat database updated every 24 hours.
Questions
List of Headings
- i. Rising threats in online financial systems
- ii. Public investment to address food access issues
- iii. Long-term monitoring of temperature changes
- iv. The history of climate research funding
- v. Household spending patterns in cities